{"id":8034,"date":"2021-07-28T08:26:33","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T06:26:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/?p=8034"},"modified":"2023-02-21T22:33:04","modified_gmt":"2023-02-21T21:33:04","slug":"compton-gangstas-paradise-in-los-angeles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/compton-los-angeles\/","title":{"rendered":"Compton: gangsta&#8217;s paradise in Los Angeles"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"gambit_fullwidth_row\" data-content-width=\"75%\" style=\"display: none\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text]Compton ken je vast uit de nieuwsberichten die je wel eens tegenkomt over Los Angeles. Het is de stad van hiphoplegende Dr. Dre die een album vernoemde naar de voorstad. Ook de film &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt1398426\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Straight Outta Compton<\/a>&#8216; zorgde voor bekendheid van Compton. Compton heeft een sterk negatief imago; drugs, armoede en geweld bepalen er het dagelijks leven, zo lijkt het. De hoogste tijd om eens te kijken wat er klopt van dit beeld.<\/p>\n<h2>Compton: gangsta&#8217;s paradise in Los Angeles<\/h2>\n<h3>Immigratie<\/h3>\n<p>Compton werd pas eind negentiende eeuw gesticht, nadat een groep kolonisten het gebied in kaart had gebracht. Het stadje kreeg zijn naam dankzij Griffith Compton, die deze kolonisten leidde. Tot en met de Tweede Wereldoorlog was Compton een redelijk doorsnee stadje. Oud-president George H.W. Bush en zijn gezin, waaronder uiteraard zoon George W., woonden er zelfs nog even rond 1949-1950. Vanaf de jaren vijftig, toen steeds meer immigranten het gebied tot hun nieuwe thuis maakten, begon Compton te veranderen. Veel van de nieuwe bewoners waren Afro-Amerikanen, waardoor Compton tot aan de jaren zeventig een mix aan culturen bezat.<\/p>\n<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-8037\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton.jpg\" alt=\"Compton\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-20x13.jpg 20w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-185x123.jpg 185w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-740x493.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-1600x1066.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/compton-72x48.jpg 72w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>Crips uit Compton<\/h3>\n<p>De groei van de stad ging, zoals in zoveel Amerikaanse steden, niet gepaard met een gelijk opgaand welvaartsniveau. De stad ging achteruit en de leefomstandigheden verslechterden. In de jaren tachtig barstte de bom, toen Compton het toneel werd van drugshandel en bendegeweld. Drugs als crack en coca\u00efne, op grote schaal ge\u00efmporteerd vanuit Latijns-Amerika, werden er verhandeld en zorgden voor meer verslavingen, een vicieuze cirkel waaruit het moeilijk ontsnappen was. Bendes als de Bloods en de Crips, afkomstig uit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/los-angeles\/\">Los Angeles<\/a>, kregen vaste voet aan de grond in Compton en groeiden uit tot dodelijke netwerken, die zelfs tot buiten de VS invloed kregen.<\/p>\n<h3>Gangsta Rap<\/h3>\n<p>Al de problemen van Compton waren wellicht nooit zo bekend geworden, als er niet op grote schaal over gerapt zou worden door artiesten zoals Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg en vele anderen. Hiphopcollectief N.W.A, met leden als Ice Cube, Eazy-E en\u00a0Dr. Dre, werd erg populair in de jaren tachtig en\u00a0was afkomstig uit Compton. In hun muziek werd zonder enige schroom de toestanden in Compton verteld, wat van deze mannen wereldsterren maakte en de rest van de wereld Compton deed leren kennen als een ghetto, een oorlogsgebied waar bendes als de Bloods en Crips elkaar op leven maar vooral dood bevechten en drugsgebruik en -handel aan de orde van de dag was.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8038\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8038\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8038\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton.jpg\" alt=\"Compton\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-20x13.jpg 20w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-185x123.jpg 185w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-740x493.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-1600x1066.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/dr-dre-compton-72x48.jpg 72w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8038\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr Dre bij de premiere van Straight Outta Compton<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Rapper The Game met Compton tattoo<\/h3>\n<p>De rappers van N.W.A. waren niet de enige, later zijn ook artiesten als Snoop Dogg (uit Long Beach, ten zuiden van Compton), The Game (afkomstig uit Compton) en Kendrick Lamar (ook al opgegroeid in Compton) in hun muziek nog uitvoerig ingegaan op de problemen in Compton. Dat ging lang niet altijd met brave teksten, de albums van deze heren zijn dan vaak ook voorzien van het stempel &#8216;Parental Advisor, Explicit Content&#8217;. Ook in tv-series (The Shield) en videogames als Grand Theft Auto wordt Compton al dan niet zijdelings als voorbeeld genomen voor achterstandswijken en gewelddadige buurten. Toch zijn er ook nog positieve geluiden te horen uit Compton.<\/p>\n<h3>Toekomst van Compton<\/h3>\n<p>Veel bekende Amerikanen die hun roots in Compton hebben, vragen aandacht om de situatie van hun geboortegrond. Denk hierbij aan basketballers zoals Baron Davis of Tyson Chandlers en andere sterren uit de NBA, maar ook rappers als Kendrick Lamar, die zichzelf presenteert als iemand die de ellende van Compton succesvol achter zich heeft gelaten en nu een multimiljonair is. Niet verrassend wordt hij nu wel de opvolger van Dr. Dre genoemd, die al aangegeven heeft aan het einde van zijn carri\u00e8re te denken.<\/p>\n<h3>Compton: feiten of fictie?<\/h3>\n<p>In Compton zelf blijft het lastig. In 2008 stond de stad nog zeventiende op een lijst met <a href=\"https:\/\/www.heyusa.com\/nl\/gevaarlijke-steden-amerika\/\">gevaarlijkste Amerikaanse steden<\/a>. Grootschalige projecten om wapens in te leveren bij de politie zijn succesvol gebleken, maar jaren met weinig moorden worden afgewisseld met jaren waar er ineens weer veel geweld uitbreekt. Ook de bendes zijn\u00a0nog steeds niet volledig verdwenen. Sterker nog, ook bendes van latino&#8217;s, gelieerd aan drugskartels uit Mexico of andere Midden-Amerikaanse landen, zijn ook in en om Compton actief. Natuurlijk zijn er ook de mooie verhalen van buurtprojecten, bewoners die de ellende overleefd hebben, etc. Toch is nog lang niet alle problematiek opgelost. Het mooie einde van dit verhaal laat dus nog even op zich wachten.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_widget_sidebar sidebar_id=&#8221;ca-sidebar-6066&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;50px&#8221;]<div class=\"gambit_fullwidth_row\" data-content-width=\"75%\" style=\"display: none\"><\/div><div id=\"ultimate-heading-253069f5fa36a5545\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-253069f5fa36a5545 uvc-2331 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-253069f5fa36a5545 h2'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:35px;\",\"line-height\":\"desktop:40px;\"}' ><h2 style=\"font-family:&#039;Alfa Slab 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